Firstly, although mesenchymal stem cells are a member of the stem cell family along with hematopoietic stem cells, their development is very primitive. Scholars have found through flow cytometry analysis that mesenchymal stem cells do not express the cell antigen HLA DR and only express the negligible HLA-A and HLA-B. This characteristic makes mesenchymal stem cells have low immunogenicity. Without an "identity card", they will not actively release their identity information after entering the host, not only can they escape the host's T cell recognition and detection, but also will not actively attack the host's cells and tissues.
Secondly, mesenchymal stem cells also have immune regulatory functions. When the body undergoes an excessive immune response, they can inhibit the proliferation and activation of various immune cells such as T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, NK cells, and Treg cells to maintain the balance of the immune system. Many scholars attach great importance to the characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells and have applied them to research on combating immune rejection reactions.

In fact, the relationship between stem cell dosage and therapeutic efficacy exhibits an inverted U-shaped pattern. Within a certain range, the more dosage, the better the effect. However, when the effect reaches a peak (optimal dosage), continuing to increase the dosage may not bring better therapeutic effects, but may also cause adverse reactions. Therefore, feedback The dosage should be comprehensive for each patient The degree of illness, personal condition, and injection method of the patient are not necessarily better with more infusion.

Rather than caring about the number of stem cells, we should perhaps place more emphasis on the viability and growth activity of the cells from which they originate. These three are the key standards for high-quality stem cells.

This is attributed to the homing of stem cells, which is one of the three most important mechanisms of stem cells. Simply put, stem cells can use various signaling molecules to locate the body's "lesions" and prioritize repairing damaged areas.

From a biological perspective, DNA mainly exists in the nucleus. In order for DNA from foreign cells to enter the nucleus, it must pass through the cytoplasm and nuclear membrane (surrounded by a double membrane that most molecules cannot penetrate) that can dissolve DNA. This is an extremely complex and difficult process to achieve. Therefore, it is almost impossible for foreign stem cells to tamper with the original DNA. Scientists have found through in-depth exploration of the connection between stem cells and DNA that stem cells not only do not tamper with DNA, but they can also help eliminate related health hazards.